Preventing & delaying T1D
Finding T1D early — and the therapies that delay it.
Screening that catches T1D before symptoms, and the immune therapies that slow or delay its onset — each scored 0–100 against published, category-specific criteria including effect size, durability, safety, and clinical maturity. Every row shows where it sits in the pipeline, when and where it is available, and the headline result. Expand for the full scorecard and primary sources.
Tests that catch T1D before symptoms — autoantibody and risk screening — ranked on predictive value, actionability, and reach.
The plumbing that turns national screening studies into a European programme. One master protocol, one finger-prick panel, 13 countries — the shared infrastructure Europe's screening programmes are being built on.
Stage
Available
Europe — research consortium
Where
13 European countries (incl. UK)
Headline result
Europe's screening backbone
Australia's national islet-autoantibody screening program, coordinated from Royal Melbourne Hospital, offering free in-home finger-prick blood-spot testing.
Stage
Available
Available now
Where
AU
The pioneering general-population screening program that tests young children for multiple islet autoantibodies during routine pediatric visits — no family history required — to…
Stage
Available
Available now
Where
EU
ELSA studies whether UK childhood screening for early type 1 diabetes is feasible and acceptable.
Stage
Available
Screening paused
The first country to make screening the law. Italy legislated childhood screening for presymptomatic T1D — the first national wave is 5- and 6-year-olds.
Stage
Available
Italy — first wave 5-6
Where
Italy (national)
Headline result
World's first screening law
The foundation of prevention. A blood panel for the four islet autoantibodies — the foundation of every prevention pathway.
Stage
Available
Available via screening programs
Where
Global (labs)
Headline result
2+ antibodies = ~84% 15-yr risk
A large US screening program from Sanford Health that tests children for the early immune markers of Type 1 diabetes (and celiac disease) during routine pediatric care, with the…
Stage
Available
Available now
Where
US
ASK is a US research program offering free type 1 diabetes and celiac autoantibody screening to children aged 1–17 and adults, with or without family history.
Stage
Available
Available now
Where
US
A Washington-state program that screens for Type 1 diabetes and celiac risk using leftover newborn-screening blood spots, with no extra blood draw and no appointment for the first…
Stage
Available
Available now
Where
US
Free screening for relatives. Free autoantibody screening and long-term monitoring for relatives of people with T1D.
Stage
Available
Available now
Where
US · intl sites
Headline result
Free screening for relatives
The metabolic staging test that turns a positive autoantibody screen into an actionable stage-1 vs stage-2 risk assessment.
Stage
Available
Available now
Where
US · UK · EU · CA · AU · JP · OTHER
Historical home-screening programme; current ordering unverified. Home autoantibody-screening evidence with current programme access unverified.
Stage
Available
Access unverified
Where
US (mail-in)
Headline result
Current kit ordering unverified
The half of type 1 diabetes that screening forgot. The first general-population screening study in adults — because half of type 1 diabetes does not start in childhood.
Stage
Available
Access unconfirmed
Where
UK
Headline result
First adult population screen
The national-screening groundwork is funded; the national service is not. From comparing screening methods to building the laboratories and care pathway.
Stage
Available
Research programme only
Where
Australia (research programme)
Headline result
7,500-child school screening phase
A polygenic + HLA risk score, often run on a newborn blood spot, that flags the small fraction of infants at elevated risk of developing islet autoantibodies in early childhood —…
Stage
Available
Years away
Where
EU · UK · US · OTHER
Read the teplizumab evidence and approved indications. Explore related evidence in Cure, Living and the unscored Trials. Science journalism, not medical advice.